Resume: Structurally constrained markets regularly test the limits of competition law enforcement, particularly where economic fragility is invoked to justify anticompetitive agreements between competitors. Decision No. 24-D-10 of 4 December 2024 offers a clear...
Resume: The Court of Cassation, in its decision of 15 October 2025 (No. 23-21.370), upheld the sanction imposed on a dental trade union for organizing a boycott against care networks, holding that such conduct constitutes a restriction of competition by object under...
Resume: The Paris court of appeal’s ruling of May 22, 2025, clarifies the conditions for protecting trade secrets. The court held that information acquired after 2017can be protected, but refused automatic protection for data older than five years, which it considered...
Resume: The Competition Authority was consulted on the issue of the evolution of the market for veterinary medicines and products (French Competition Authority, October 13th, 2025, Opinion No. 25-A-12). Indeed, in recent years, this market has experienced an explosion...
Resume: On January 31, 2025, the Paris Court of Appeal recognized the originality of Bulgari’s Serpenti jewellery, protected by copyright, but dismissed the counterfeiting claim, ruling that APM Monaco’s designs did not sufficiently replicate their characteristic...
Resume: The French Competition Authority needed to examine three objections consisting of two different categories of practice. To begin with, there were a pair of “gentlemen’s agreements” of non-poaching, aimed at suppressing the competition on the employment of the...
